Feeding means for gyratory crushers



Dec. 15, 1959 o, ENDER 2,917,247

FEEDING MEANS F OR GYRATORY CRUSHERS Filed June 4, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 1' Inventor Oscar 'ruender- Z fiiii;

Dec. 15, 1959 O. C. GRUENDER FEEDING MEANS FOR GYRATORY CRUSHERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 4, 1956 In ven for Oscar C. dram/ def United States Patent M FEEDING MEANS FOR GYRATORY CRUSHERS Oscar C. Gruender, Inglewood, Calif., assignor to Nordberg Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a cor poration of Wisconsin Application June 4, 1956, Serial No. 589,085

3 Claims. (Cl. 241-202) My invention relates to an improvement in feeding means and method for gyratory crushers. One purpose is to provide an improved means for delivering material to be crushed or ground for example in a crusher or mill of the type shown in my Patent No. 2,509,920, issued on May 30, 1950, for Feeding Device for Gyratory Crushers.

Another purpose is to provide a feeding device for gyratory crushers in which a mass of particles of various sizes is channeled directly downwardly into the top of the feeding cavity defined between a movable inner conic crushing member and an overhanging outer conic crushing member.

Another purpose is to provide improved feed delivery means associated with a centrifugal feed delivering assembly upon a gyrated crusher or grinder head.

Another purpose is to provide a purely vertical lift or movement of the material in the feeding zone thus reducing degradation of particles to a minimum.

Another purpose is to effect a scouring action of the material in the vertical feeding zone thereby preventing the formation of mud pads on the gyrating conical feeding member directly above the crushing cavity.

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course of the specification and claims.

The invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawing which is a vertical axial section through a structure employing my invention.

Figure 1 is a vertical axial section; and

Figure 2 is a partial vertical section on an enlarged scale.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specification and drawings.

Referring to the drawings, 1 generally indicates any suitable circumferential frame member which may rest on any suitable foundation fragmentarily illustrated at 2 in Figure 1. It will be understood that the frame member 1 extends circumferentially about the machine and that it suitably supports, through spiders 3, a fixed central hub 4. is a normally fixed central shaft having a tapered lower portion 5a received in the hub 4 and a generally cylindrical portion 5b extending upwardly therefrom. The shaft may be held in position, for example by any suitable locking or positioning nut 6 and the screw-threaded stub end 6a of the shaft 5. The nut 6 may be removably held in position by any securing annulus or part 7 secured to the lower end of the hub 4, for'example by screws 8. The shaft 5 is provided with a preferably axial oil passage 50 which extends upwardly well into the upper portion 5b of the shaft and has one or more, preferably one, radial oil delivery passage 5d.

' The circumferential frame member 1 is shown as hav ing an outwardly extending upper flange 10, which receives a circumferential abutment ring 11 having a downwardly extending circumferential outside flange 11a and an upwardly extending inner flange 11b. Suitably 2391?,24? Patented Dec. 15, 1959 seated on the flange 11b and normally held in fixed position in relation thereto is the bowl ring 12' in which the bowl 12a is adjustably mounted. Any suitable wearing part or bowl liner 13 is secured to the bowl 12a, as for example by the securing ring 13a and its cooperating outside member 13b. The bowl supporting ring 12 and thus the entire bowl structure are normally held fixed in relation to the circumferential main frame 1, but preferably some yielding release means is provided.

Surrounding the exterior of the cylindrical portion 5b of the fixed shaft 5, I illustrate an eccentrically apertured sleeve 16. This sleeve has a cylindrical inner bore 16a and a cylindrical outer bearing surface 16b. These two bearing surfaces are in eccentric relationship and are described about upwardly converging axes, which meet for example at the point X in Figure 1. Any suitable bearing liners 16c and 16d may be employed. In order to rotate the sleeve 16, I provide the bevel gear 17, keyed or otherwise secured to the lower end of the sleeve. 'It is shown as in mesh with the bevel pinion 18 on the shaft 19, which may be rotated by any suitable drive connection not herein shown. It will be understood that when the shaft 19 is rotated, it rotates the eccentric sleeve 16. Surrounding the exterior bearing surface 161; of the eccentric sleeve 16 is the head structure generally indicated at 20. It includes the head portion or umbrella 21 and a downwardly extending sleeve portion 22 which surrounds the eccentric 16. Thus, when the eccentric or sleeve 16 is rotated, the result is to impart to the head 20 a gyratory movement about the center X. As a result, the wearing member or mantle 23 is moved toward and away from the bowl liner 13 with a zone of approach which travels rapidly circumferentially about the cavity defined by the two wearing parts. The mantle 23 may be kept in place for example by a thrust cone or sleeve 24 and a threaded locking ring 25, with its upwardly extending sealing ring 25a, Which will later be described. Any suitable intermediate thrust member 2512 may also be employed. The head 20 may be mounted for example by resting it upon the spherical supporting ring 26, which forms part of or is secured to the main frame, carrying the spherical surface wearing ring 26a, which abuts and supports a correspondingly formed surface 21a on the head. 2"! indicates a part of a fluid sealing assembly, the details of which do not form part of the present invention and will therefore not be further described.

In the form of the device herein shown, I find it advantageous to support upon the head a feed delivery assembly which is rotated at a relatively high rate of speed, but nonetheless at a rate substantially lower than the rate of rotation of the sleeve or eccentric 16. I support and drive it as follows: Secured to and upwardly extending from the top of the eccentric or sleeve 16 is a generally conic tubular member 30. Its bottom flange 31 overlies and is secured to the top of the eccentric sleeve 16, for example by screws 31a. It is centered by the inner downwardly extending flange 31b. Its inner surface 31c is roughly conic, defining an oil passage A which decreases progressively from its lower to its upper end.

Secured to the upper end of the member 30 and resting on and centered by the circumferential flange 30a is a disc 32, with its depending portion 3211 which centers within the flange 30a. The disc 32 is provided with a central aperture 3%, shown as upwardly reduced or tapered. Slidably positioned upon the upper surface of the disc 32 is a second disc 33. Y

I shall now describe the feed structure proper. 45 indicates a housing having a circumferential outer wall 45a and a bottom Wall 4511. Any suitable locking members or screws 46 may be employed. for holding the member 45 normally fixed to the flange x of the head 20. Incidentally, the outer surface of the flange 20x is screwthreaded to receive a mantle securing nut or ring 25. Rotatable within the housing is a pinion 47 having a hollow stem 47a which is splined to the stem 34d of the disc 34. It will be understood that in applying or removing the feed assembly, the sleeve 47a is freely slidable in relation to the stem 34d. The sleeve 47a is mounted for rotation in the bottom wall 451) of the member 45 by any suitable roller bearing assembly 49, which is secured to the stem for example by the locking ring 49a. The pinion 47 is in mesh with the gear 50 which rotates in unison with the pinion 51 in mesh with the upper gear 52. The pinions 50 and 51 are mounted on a single stem 50a which projects upwardly from the bottom wall 45b. Any suitable roller bearings 50b may be employed.

The gear 52 is secured to the depending stem 52a of the actuating plate or connection 57. Suitable tapered roller bearing assemblies 52b and 520 receive the depending stem 52a. It will be observed that the gear 52 and its stem 52a have an axial oil delivery duct 52d. The space in which the below-described gears and pinions are housed is upwardly closed by the cover plate 55 in which the actuating plate 57 is rotatably mounted through the medium of the stem 52a. The cover plate may be secured to the member 45 by any suitable screws 55a which enter an internal flange or flanges 45x.

Positioned upon the upper portion of the housing 45 is a rotary feed structure which includes the feed plate 56. The plate 56 has a circumferential downward sealing flange 56a, which surrounds and is in sealed relationship with an upwardly extending flange 45e of the member 45. The plate 56 is rotated by the actuating plate or connection 57 secured to it for example by screws 57a, and itself secured to or forming part of the stem 52a, for rotation with the gear 52. It will thus be clear that as the eccentric 16 rotates, it rotates the top disc 32 and, through the universal connection formed by the members 32, 33 and 34, it also rotates the stem 34d. As the stem 34d is in splined relation to the pinion 47, the top of the feed plate 56 is driven through the below-described gearing at a predetermined and reduced rate, as long as the eccentric sleeve 16 is rotated. Any suitable top feeding member 60 may be employed and it may for example have a side discharge aperture 61, such as is shown in Figure 1.

Referring now to the part of the device more directly relating to my invention, 200 illustrates a generally cylindrical bafile or wall which may be supported, for example, upon an upper cylindrically apertured flat plate 201. As will be clear from Figure l, in use the elements 200 and 201 abut, respectively, lower and upper portions of a generally conic, removable hopper element 202. It will be understood that fed material escaping'through the circumferential outer wall 60 of the feed structure 45, for example, through any suitable aperture 61, is delivered outwardly centrifugally in the direction of the arrows at B in Figure 1. The material delivered through the aperture 61 will strike upper portions of the cylindrical baffle wall 200. The particles thus fed and arrested will then drop generally downwardly within the Wall 200. Opposed to the baffle 200 is an inner cylindrical baffle 203 with its upper supporting plate or ring 204. Normally, the material in the feeding zone rises to the top of plate 204, as shown in the left hand view of Figure 1. The ring 204 may, for example, be bolted to an upper portion of the element 25. The lower edge of the cylindrical baffle 203, in turn, may abut or closely approach the upper surface of the intermediate element 24. It will be observed that the cylindrical outer balfle 200 is generally aligned with the inner surface of the upper portion of the liner 13. Thus, a radially thin and inwardly and outwardly cylindrically bounded vertical path is provided for the fed particles to move to the crush- 4 ing or grinding cavity defined between the members 13 and 23. 7

It will be realized that whereas I have described and claimed a practical and operative device, nevertheless many changes may be made in size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. I therefore wish my description and drawings to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic rather than as limiting me to my specific showing herein. It will be realized, for example, that whereas I have illustrated my invention as applied to a device which is in a broad sense a fine reduction machine, I do not Wish to limit the application of my invention to this particular machine, or to fine reduction machines in general. It may be applied to any structure in which a head is gyrated and a feed member is mounted on and rotated in relation to a head.

Whereas I have shown my invention as applied to a crushing or grinding machine in which the conic upper surface of the mantle 23 is somewhat obtuse, I do not wish to be limited to any specific shape of mantle or liner. Whereas I find it advantageous to employ my feeding assembly in connection with a rotary feeding member such as is illustrated at 45, it will be understood, also, that, under some circumstances, a centrifugal feeding member may be omitted, or, in any event, that it need not be mounted on or form part of the crushing head.

The use and operation of the invention are as follows:

In the structure as illustrated in my above-mentioned patent, No. 2,509,920, or in my Patent No. 2,814,450, the surge load in the feeding zone rests on the head or on the mantle 23 and the member 24, and on the conical feed hopper. The gyratory action of the head or mantle 23 lifts the surge load upwardly more or less normally to the conical surface of the head. After each impact the material slides down the conical feed hopper. In other words, it would slide down the conical surface of the member 202, of the drawing hereof, if the members 200 and 201 were removed.

In certain types of feed, uneven wear of the liners may result. Take a specific case of disintegrated gravel. The decomposed particles may act as solidified dirt, because they are practically devoid of grain structure. With the addition of water, these particles may resolve readily to minus 200 mesh. The decomposed gravel, in a specific material ground, exists principally in the minus %-inch material. Decomposed gravel and its inherent moisture become a cause of trouble. With the large percentage of decomposed gravel in the feed, rapid degradation of the decomposed gravel, in a specific instance, took place in the feeding zone, and a 3% surface moisture in the feed, plus the 1% moisture in the decomposed gravel, caused the formation of mud pads on the head. These break loose spasmodically and entered the crushing cavity. Packing resulted and caused groove formations in both liner and mantle near the feed opening. The retention of the moisture of the decomposed gravel reduced to dirt, and the extremely hard quartz particles, developed the grooves and resulted in uneven wear of the liners.

By my above-described invention, I prevent the development of any such difiiculties. I provide inner and outer generally vertical walls for the feeding zone and a somewthat steeper angle for the conic adjusting sleeve 24 as compared to the angle shown in the corresponding part of my above-mentioned patent, No. 2,509,920, or the corresponding part as shown in my above-mentioned Patent No. 2,814,450. Thus, after each impact the material in the feding zone is lifted upward.

vertically, thereby reducing to a minimum any degradation in the feeding zone. In a broad sense, I provide an inwardly and outwardly confined, generally cylindrical feeding space or path which directs the fed material vertically downwardly into the top of the crushing or grinding zone.

I claim: I

1. In a feed assembly for a gyratory crusher having a downwardly and outwardly flared head and means for gyrating it and an overhanging bowl defining between them a crushing cavity, means for forming a vertical, generally cylindrically walled feed guide including a generally cylindrical bafile positioned above the bowl and a generally cylindrical bafile mounted for gyration with the head, said bafiles both aligned with the crushing cavity and defining between them a generally cylindrical path in vertical alignment with the opening of the crushing cavity between head and bowl.

2. In a feed assembly for a gyratory crusher having an outwardly and downwardly flared head and an overhanging bowl definingbetween them a crushing cavity, and a vertical generally cylindrically walled feed guide for the crusher including a generally cylindrical inner wall mounted for gyration with the head and a generally cylindrical outer wall above the bowl, the walls being in spaced relation to each other and defining an annular inlet to the crushing cavity, the walls being both vertically aligned with the crushing cavity and defining a generally cylindn'cal path above and in vertical alignment with the opening of the crushing cavity.

3. The structure of claim 2 further characterized in that the walls are defined by outer and inner generally cylindrical bafiies.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,553,202 Symons Sept. 8, 1925 2,498,774 Traylor Feb. 28, 1950 2,597,548 Traylor May 20, 1952 2,621,860 Gruender Dec. 16, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 71,375 Denmark Aug. 14, 1950 

